hmmm, actually what's that? How it benefits us? Let's check it out!
Cellular respiration is the process by which the chemical energy of "food" molecules is released and partially captured in the form of ATP. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins can all be used as fuels in cellular respiration, but glucose is most commonly used as an example to examine the reactions and pathways involved.
Since most textbooks provide abundant details of the chemical reactions in respiration, this tutorial will focus on how the chemical energy in glucose is converted into ATP and where respiration occurs in the cell.
wow! It lOOks interesting :0
We can divide cellular respiration into three metabolic processes: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Each of these occurs in a specific region of the cell.
1. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol.
2. The Krebs cycle takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria.
3. Oxidative phosphorylation via the electon transport chain is carried out on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
In the absence of oxygen, respiration consists of two metabolic pathways: glycolysis and fermentation. Both of these occur in the cytosol.
2. The Krebs cycle takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria.
3. Oxidative phosphorylation via the electon transport chain is carried out on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
In the absence of oxygen, respiration consists of two metabolic pathways: glycolysis and fermentation. Both of these occur in the cytosol.
Now I can See How it Works.. SubhanAllah :)
What is GLYCOLYSIS ??
In glycolysis, the 6-carbon sugar, glucose, is broken down into two
molecules of a 3-carbon molecule called pyruvate. This change is
accompanied by a net gain of 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules.
 What happens during the KREBS CYCLE ??
The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and generates a pool
of chemical energy (ATP, NADH, and FADH2) from the oxidation of pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis.
Pyruvate is transported into the mitochondria and loses carbon dioxide to form
acetyl-CoA, a 2-carbon molecule. When acetyl-CoA is oxidized to carbon dioxide in the Krebs cycle, chemical energy is released and captured in the form of NADH, FADH2, and ATP.  |
How OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION occur ??
Oxidative Phosphorylation via the Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain allows the release of the large amount of chemical energy stored in reduced NAD+ (NADH) and reduced FAD (FADH2). The energy released is captured in the form of ATP (3 ATP per NADH and 2 ATP per FADH2).The electron transport chain (ETC) consists of a series of molecules, mostly proteins, embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
AH-HA! What is FERMENTATION ??
All cells are able to synthesize ATP via the process of glycolysis. In many cells, if oxygen is not present, pyruvate is metabolized in a process called fermentation.
Fermentation complements glycolysis and makes it possible for ATP to be continually produced in the absence of oxygen. By oxidizing the NADH produced in glycolysis, fermentation regenerates NAD+, which can take part in glycolysis once again to produce more ATP.
GLUCOSE and ENERGY
The chemical energy stored in glucose generates far more ATP in aerobic respiration than in respiration without oxygen (glycolysis and fermentation).
Each molecule of glucose can generate 36-38 molecules of ATP in aerobic respiration but only 2 ATP molecules in respiration without oxygen (through glycolysis and fermentation).
Now, I hope all of you can feel more interesting at the end of this smart notes..
A GREAT THANK YOU to PEARSON Bio Coach Activity , the source where I got all of these knowledgement. May ALLAH bless our effort to succeed in our life. InsyaAllah:)
Remember, we're The Chosen One!
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